Facebook Suggested Several Indigenous Groups

[abbey1227]

............over the Thanksgiving holiday.

No surprise, I didn't really care for a lot of what they had to say about colonizers and stolen lands.

Now today, here is something that I wish had shown up at the same time. A little look back into how great things were before the 1600s..........

Mysterious Things in the World
·
Weird and gross but true this 15-year-old girl lived in the Inca empire and was sacrificed 500 years ago as an offering to the gods.
She is preserved this well because she was frozen during sleep and kept in a dry cold condition at more than 6000 meters above sea level all this time. No other treatment was necessary.
Found in 1999 near the top of the Llullaillaco volcano, in northwestern Argentina, she was an archaeological revolution for being one of the best preserved mummies, since there was even blood in her body and her internal organs remained.

BY NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC STAFF

[Prometheus]

Sort of like all those religious types in Europe and the Levant stoning and burning and throat-slitting....

Seriously though, the whole, "They weren't nice people even before we got here" argument is just tiresome.

[merh]

Nov 26, 2022 13:46:48 GMT abbey1227 said:

............over the Thanksgiving holiday.

No surprise, I didn't really care for a lot of what they had to say about colonizers and stolen lands.

Now today, here is something that I wish had shown up at the same time. A little look back into how great things were before the 1600s..........

Mysterious Things in the World
·
Weird and gross but true this 15-year-old girl lived in the Inca empire and was sacrificed 500 years ago as an offering to the gods.
She is preserved this well because she was frozen during sleep and kept in a dry cold condition at more than 6000 meters above sea level all this time. No other treatment was necessary.
Found in 1999 near the top of the Llullaillaco volcano, in northwestern Argentina, she was an archaeological revolution for being one of the best preserved mummies, since there was even blood in her body and her internal organs remained.

BY NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC STAFF

And how much fun did the Cathers have?
The Crusades?

How about the arra around England when the vikings were raiding? 
There's debate on whether the blood eagle was real or propaganda.

How about the witch trials?

Witch trials in the early modern period saw that between 1400 to 1782, around 40,000 to 60,000 were killed due to suspicion that they were practicing witchcraft. Some sources estimate that a total of 100,000 trials occurred at its maximum for a similar period

Notably, a figure of nine million victims was given by Gottfried Christian Voigt in 1784 in an argument criticizing Voltaire's estimate of "several hundred thousand" as too low. Voigt's number has shown remarkably resilient as an influential popular myth, surviving well into the 20th century, especially in feminist and neo-pagan literature. In the 19th century, some scholars were agnostic, for instance, Jacob Grimm (1844) talked of "countless" victims and Charles Mackay (1841) named "thousands upon thousands". By contrast, a popular news report of 1832 cited a number of 3,192 victims "in Great Britain alone". In the early 20th century, some scholarly estimates on the number of executions still ranged in the hundreds of thousands. The estimate was only reliably placed below 100,000 in scholarship of the 1970s.

Once accused THE BEST one could get was "not proven" which meant the case could be reopened at ANY time.

Evidence
Peculiar standards applied to witchcraft allowing certain types of evidence "that are now ways relating Fact, and done many Years before". There was no possibility to offer alibi as a defense because witchcraft did not require the presence of the accused at the scene. Witnesses were called to testify to motives and effects because it was believed that witnessing the invisible force of witchcraft was impossible: "half proofes are to be allowed, and are good causes of suspicion".

Interrogations and torture
Various acts of torture were used against accused witches to coerce confessions and cause them to provide names of alleged co-conspirators. Most historians agree that the majority of those persecuted in these witch trials were innocent of any involvement in Devil worship. The torture of witches began to increase in frequency after 1468, when the Pope declared witchcraft to be crimen exceptum and thereby removed all legal limits on the application of torture in cases where evidence was difficult to find.

In Italy, an accused witch was deprived of sleep for periods up to forty hours. This technique was also used in England, but without a limitation on time. Sexual humiliation was used, such as forced sitting on red-hot stools with the claim that the accused woman would not perform sexual acts with the devil. In most cases, those who endured the torture without confessing were released.

The use of torture has been identified as a key factor in converting the trial of one accused witch into a wider social panic, as those being tortured were more likely to accuse a wide array of other local individuals of also being witches

[merh]

www.summerlands.com/crossroads/remembrance/victims/jjunius.htm

Johannes Junius
A Witch's Letter to His Daughter

In the early 17th century, the state of Bamburg, Germany, experienced one of the most devastating Witch crazes of the Burning Times. From 1623 to 1633, Bamburg was ruled by Prince-Bishop Gottfried Johann Georg II Fuchs von Dornheim -- a man called "the Witch Bishop" because of the hundreds of Witches he killed. Von Dornheim did not hesitate to attack even the wealthiest citizens of Bamburg and grew rich on the goods that he confiscated from the condemned. During his reign, no one was safe.

Johannes Junius was the mayor of the city of Bamburg at this time. At the height of the panics, Junius was accused of Witchcraft. His trial was a straight-forward affair. According to the records of the court, Junius was tortured but felt no pain. While in prison, he spontaneously confessed to Witchcraft and named several accomplices. He was convicted and burned at the stake a short time later.

But in Junius' case we have a unique opportunity to see the other side of the story. Before he died, he smuggled a letter to his daughter Veronica, warning her to flee the city before she, too, was accused. This document, preserved in Bamburg's archives, offers a chillingly different account of the trial.

Junius describes the agonies of his "painless" torture, torments that left his hands crippled for weeks. His "spontaneous" confession was made in fear of further torture. As mayor, Junius knew the torturer. The man warned him of the torments yet to come and begged him to make up a false confession that could at least spare him further agony. He did, and to his horror discovered that the court refused to accept his confession unless he named other Witches who attended the sabbat.

Junius refused to implicate anyone else, and he was tortured again. This time he broke, and when the court gave him a list of suspected Witches, Junius meekly agreed that all of them had attended a sabbat with him. Later, back in prison, Junius met the other Witches who had implicated him. He forgave them, and prayed that the people he'd condemned could find it in their hearts to forgive him as well.

The following excerpts come from Johannes Junius' letter to his daughter:

"Many hundred thousand good-nights, dearly beloved daughter Veronica. Innocent have I come into prison, innocent have I been tortured, innocent must I die. For whoever comes into the witch prison must become a witch or be tortured until he invents something out of his head and -- God pity him! -- bethinks him of something.

"I will tell you how it has gone with me. When I was the first time put to the torture, Dr. Braun, Dr. Kotzendorffer, and two strange doctors were there. Then Dr. Braun asks me, "Kinsman, how come you here?" I answer, "Through falsehood, through misfortune." "Hear you," he says, "you are a witch; will you confess it voluntarily? If not, we'll bring in witnesses and the executioner for you." ... I answered: "I have never renounced God, and will never do it -- God graciously keep me from it. I'll rather bear whatever I must."...

"And then came -- God in highest Heaven have mercy! -- the executioner, and put the thumb-screws on me, both hands bound together, so that the blood ran out at the nails and everywhere, so that for four weeks I could not use my hands, as you can see from the writing... Thereafter they first stripped me, bound my hands behind me, and drew me up in the strappado. Then I thought heaven and earth were at an end; eight times did they draw me up and let me fall again, so that I suffered terrible agony.

"When at last the executioner led me back into the prison, he said to me: "Sir, I beg you, for God's sake confess something, whether it be true or not. Invent something, for you cannot endure the torture which you will be put to; and, even if you bear it all, yet you will not escape, not even if you were an earl, but one torture will follow after another until you say you are a witch. Not before that," he said, "will they let you go, as you may see by all their trials, for one is just like another." ...

"Now, my dear child, see in what hazard I stood and still stand. I must say that I am a witch, though I am not. Must now renounce God, though I have never done it before. Day and night I was deeply troubled, but at last there came to me a new idea... I would myself think of something and say it. It were surely better that I just say it with mouth and words, even though I had not really done it; and afterwards I would confess it to the priest, and let those answer for it who compel me to do it... And so I made my confession, as follows; but it was all a lie...

"Now, dear child, here you have all my confession, for which I must die. And they are sheer lies and made-up things, so help me God. For all this I was forced to say through fear of the torture which was threatened beyond what I had already endured. For they never leave off with the torture till one confesses something; be he never so good, he must be a witch. Nobody escapes...

"Dear child, keep this letter secret so that people do not find it, else I shall be tortured most piteously and the jailers will be beheaded, so strictly is it forbidden... I have taken several days to write this: my hands are both lame. I am in a sad plight...

(A note, written in the margins.) "

Dear child, six have confessed against me at once: the Chancellor, his son, Neudecker, Zaner, Hoffmaisters Ursel, and Hoppfens Elsse -- all false, through compulsion, as they have all told me, and begged my forgiveness in God's name before they were executed... They know nothing but good of me. They were forced to say it, just as I myself was...

"Good night, for you father Johannes Junius will never see you more. July 24, 1628."

On August 6th, Johannes Junius was burned at the stake.

**************
The records of Johannes Junius' trial and a translation of his letter can be found in George Lincoln Burr's _The Witch-Persecutions_ (Volume 3, number 4 of the Translations and Reprints series. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1897)

You know the witch trials are something I have several books on, right?

[abbey1227]

Nov 27, 2022 14:49:38 GMT merh said:

And how much fun did the Cathers have?
The Crusades?

How about the arra around England when the vikings were raiding? 
There's debate on whether the blood eagle was real or propaganda.

How about the witch trials?

the point is a simple one............people are and have been people the world over.

[abbey1227]

Nov 27, 2022 14:51:31 GMT merh said:

www.summerlands.com/crossroads/remembrance/victims/jjunius.htm

You know the witch trials are something I have several books on, right?

yes, you've mentioned it before..........AND I even remembered it  

[abbey1227]

They know me so well. Their Al Gorithm has been expertly calibrated.


Suggested for you
Ballislife 
October 18
·
Brittney Griner turns 32 today. It's been 8 months since Griner was detained in Russia.

============================


The comments did make me laugh, though..........


P C
Poor baby maybe she will learn a lesson why she serving her prison time and learn that America not all that bad and maybe respect her country



H H
She is not detained. She is in prison for committing a crime!



R S
Its awesome that she'll get to turn 40 in Russia! So few people get that opportunity, I'm really happy for her!


R T
Detained is certainly one point of view, the wrong one, but a point of view. The more accurate and correct point of view is she was caught with illegal drugs in her luggage, she was put into pre trial confinement, given a trial where she admitted guilt… See more



A K
How Brittney would be sleeping if any of us got locked up in Russia.
(picture of baby sleeping sound in crib)



G S
Detained??? Correction: she was arrested, tried, convicted, and sentenced to prison.... where she belongs!



J B
A lot of people in the US who are in jail for cannabis have birthdays today also…just saying…



J W
Kamala Harris has locked up thousands for the same thing. Remember that!



S L
I heard she’s doing great, been drug free for 215 days!



L S
She’s not a political prisoner she broke the law of the country she was working in and getting paid handsomely to play for.



R W
She knew the laws. She just thought because she was from america they would just slap her wrist. This should be a wake up call for all Americans going to other countries. Obeys all their laws or suffer the consequences

[Prometheus]

Nov 30, 2022 9:25:24 GMT abbey1227 said:

They know me so well. Their Al Gorithm has been expertly calibrated.


Suggested for you
Ballislife 
October 18
·
Brittney Griner turns 32 today. It's been 8 months since Griner was detained in Russia.

============================


The comments did make me laugh, though..........


P C
Poor baby maybe she will learn a lesson why she serving her prison time and learn that America not all that bad and maybe respect her country



H H
She is not detained. She is in prison for committing a crime!



R S
Its awesome that she'll get to turn 40 in Russia! So few people get that opportunity, I'm really happy for her!


R T
Detained is certainly one point of view, the wrong one, but a point of view. The more accurate and correct point of view is she was caught with illegal drugs in her luggage, she was put into pre trial confinement, given a trial where she admitted guilt… See more



A K
How Brittney would be sleeping if any of us got locked up in Russia.
(picture of baby sleeping sound in crib)



G S
Detained??? Correction: she was arrested, tried, convicted, and sentenced to prison.... where she belongs!



J B
A lot of people in the US who are in jail for cannabis have birthdays today also…just saying…



J W
Kamala Harris has locked up thousands for the same thing. Remember that!



S L
I heard she’s doing great, been drug free for 215 days!



L S
She’s not a political prisoner she broke the law of the country she was working in and getting paid handsomely to play for.



R W
She knew the laws. She just thought because she was from america they would just slap her wrist. This should be a wake up call for all Americans going to other countries. Obeys all their laws or suffer the consequences

She's a criminal and deserves to be in jail for her ADMITTED crimes.

If I got caught with pot in China and got arrested, would anyone give a flying fuck?

Nope.

But she's an "intersectional" black woman so for some reason, her well-being means more than mine.

Some would say that pointing that out makes me the bigot and I say, THAT is exactly why the "woke" are the bigots.